The Nigeria Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (NCDC) has confirmed widespread outbreaks of infectious diseases across the country, warning of serious public health risks if urgent action is not taken.
In an alert issued on Friday and published on its official website, the agency listed cholera, dengue fever, Mpox, diphtheria, and yellow fever as ongoing outbreaks requiring immediate national attention.
As of epidemiological week 26 (June 23–29, 2025), suspected cholera cases have been reported in 34 states, with Zamfara accounting for 32 percent of the total.
Other affected states include Bayelsa, Adamawa, Delta, Lagos, and Rivers.
“The situation demands heightened vigilance and intensified response efforts from all stakeholders,” the NCDC said.
Cholera, caused by Vibrio cholerae, can lead to severe diarrhoea, dehydration, and death if untreated.
The agency also confirmed a dengue fever outbreak in Edo between June 9 and 13, following laboratory investigations.
Dengue, like yellow fever, is spread by Aedes mosquitoes and is being fuelled by poor sanitation and climate-related conditions.
“Nigeria is already experiencing a rising incidence of cholera, while yellow fever and dengue fever are beginning to be detected in some states,” the NCDC said.
Yellow fever has been confirmed in Abia, Anambra, Edo, Ekiti, Lagos, and Rivers states, with seven cases verified.
“The yellow fever vaccine remains the most effective prevention strategy,” the agency said.
The NCDC said Mpox and diphtheria remain ongoing threats. Mpox causes fever, rash, and swollen lymph nodes, while diphtheria leads to severe throat infections and breathing difficulties.
The agency urged citizens to take preventive steps, including eliminating mosquito breeding sites, sleeping under insecticide-treated nets, using repellents, maintaining high hygiene standards, and avoiding self-medication.
It also warned that symptoms of dengue and yellow fever can mimic malaria, making timely testing and treatment essential.
